Database security tools perform vulnerability assessments, monitors database access and activity to detect intrusion, and attempts to prevent threats and block malicious or unauthorized behavior that may lead to data loss.
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Database security tools provide specialized protection for databases in addition to existing endpoint and network security products. In theory, databases are already protected against malicious activity by firewalls and intrusion detection systems. However, databases require their own protection. Specialized protection is necessary to protect against database-specific threats and because databases have had to become more accessible to wider ranges of users. Tools have also specialized to protect a mix of databases deployed on-premise, in the cloud, or in hybrid environments.
In broad terms, unauthorized access to a database compromises potential loss of data confidentiality, integrity and availability. Since corporate databases frequently contain valuable client data and other sensitive information, protecting databases from malicious intent is often a high priority. Proper database security can also be necessary to comply with data regulations in certain industries. Some tools will also provide security-adjacent features, such as tracking user actions and interactions with the database.
Common methods for securing databases directly include:
When comparing different database security tools, consider the following factors:
